منابع مشابه
Extended phenotype redux
The idea of the extended phenotype (EP), which was first proposed by the British evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins to explain how and why organisms—or, more fundamentally, their genes—are able to manipulate their environment (Dawkins, 1982), has been the focus of intense debate and much research for more than 20 years. In his book, The Extended Phenotype: The Long Reach of the Gene, Dawkin...
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ROBIN S. WAPLES,∗ PETER B. ADAMS,† JAMES BOHNSACK,‡ AND BARBARA L. TAYLOR§ ∗Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112, U.S.A., email [email protected] †Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, U.S.A. ‡Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, FL 33149, U.S.A. §Southwest Fisheries Science C...
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In this paper we analyze a class of second-order traffic models and show that these models support stable oscillatory traveling waves typical of the waves observed on a congested roadway. The basic model has trivial or constant solutions where cars are uniformly spaced and travel at a constant equilibrium velocity that is determined by the car spacing. The stable traveling waves arise because t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: EMBO reports
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1469-221X,1469-3178
DOI: 10.1038/embor.2009.18